TORONTO – The overwhelming majority of Muslims are very proud to be Canadian despite continuing to experience discrimination due to their religion and ethnicity, according to a new national survey released today.

The Environics Institute survey reveals what it is like to be Muslim in Canada, and how this has changed over the past decade.

“The survey enables us to look beyond the rhetoric and perceptions about Muslims and get a picture of how Canadian Muslims are faring and how they are regarded,” said Muneeb Nasir, President of the Olive Tree Foundation, one of the lead partners on the study.

“Quite importantly, it shows that Muslims take their citizenship seriously and are very proud to be Canadian, more so that others in the country.”

“However, despite this strong attachment, the fact that 35% of Muslims have reported experiencing discrimination or unfair treatment in the past five years is concerning,” added Nasir.

The survey is a follow-up to the first-ever national survey of the country’s Muslim population conducted by the Environics Institute in 2006.

In both cases, a complementary survey of the non-Muslim population was also conducted to provide comparative measures of mainstream opinions about the Muslim community.

The results show that Muslims as a whole are embracing Canada’s diversity, democracy and freedoms, and feeling more positive about the country than a decade ago.

According to the survey, the vast majority, 83 percent of Muslims feel very proud to be Canadian, and this sentiment has strengthened since 2006, especially in the province of Quebec. By comparison, 73 percent of non-Muslims feel similarly proud to be Canadian.

A large majority of Muslims feel that they are treated better than Muslims in other western countries, and are optimistic the new federal government will lead to improved relations between Muslims and non-Muslims.

Discrimination

The study found a strong sense of belonging to Canada among Muslims, and one manifestation was the high level of participation in last fall’s federal election – a 79 percent voter turnout with the winning Federal Liberal Party getting 65 percent of the Muslim vote.

However, discrimination and stereotyping continue to be a difficult reality for Canadian Muslims and this is of particular concern to women and youth.

Just over one-third, 35 percent of Muslims report having experienced discrimination or been treated unfairly in the past five years and is approximately 50 percent higher than for the Canadian population-at-large.

The respondents in the survey reported that these negative experiences took place in a variety of settings, most commonly in the workplace, in public spaces, in retail establishments, and in schools and universities.

One in four Muslims also reported having encountered difficulties crossing borders.

The survey found that Muslim youth stand out as being the most religiously observant generation in the Muslim community. They are most likely to visit mosques for prayer on a regular basis, wear the hijab, and support the right to pray in schools.

“This survey allows Muslims’ own perspectives to be registered through proper research, rather than hypothesized—sometimes hysterically—by others”, said Dr. Kathy Bullock from the Tessellate Institute, another one of the study partners.

“Just as the 2006 study is still cited now ten years later, we know this updated version will continue to inform politicians, academics, journalists, community activists, and all concerned about the place of Muslims in society.”

The survey is based on interviews conducted by telephone with a representative sample of Muslims 18 years and older, between November 19, 2015 and January 23, 2016.

Canada’s Muslims make up 3.2 percent of the national population, representing the second largest religious group after Christianity, and is one of the fastest growing segments of the Canadian population.